Province | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Province
Provinces of the Philippines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Philippines -
This article is part of a series on the | politics and government of the Philippines Government
| Constitution
| Legislature
| Congress
(16th Congress)
| Senate
| Senate President
| Franklin Drilon
| House of Representatives
| House Speaker
| Feliciano Belmonte, ;Jr.
| Legistative districts
| Party-list representation
| Executive
| President
(list)
| Benigno Aquino III
| Vice-president
(list)
| Jejomar Binay
| Cabinet
| Judiciary
| Supreme Court
| Chief Justice
| Maria Lourdes Sereno
| Court of Appeals
| Court of Tax Appeals
| Sandiganbayan
| Barangay Justice System
| Elections
| Commission on Elections
| Chairman: Sixto Brillantes
| Elections:
| 2007
| 2010
| 2013
| Political parties
| Liberal Party
| Lakas–CMD
| Nationalist People's Coalition
| Nacionalista Party
| National Unity Party
| United Nationalist Alliance
| Divisions
| Local government
| Capital
| Regions
| Provinces
| Cities
| Municipalities
| Barangays
| Sitios
| Puroks
|
| The - provinces of the Philippines - are the primary political and administrative divisions of the Philippines. There are 81 provinces (called lalawigan or probinsiya in the native languages) at present, further subdivided into component cities and municipalities. The National Capital Region, as well as independent cities, are independent of any provincial government. Each province is governed by an elected legislature called the Sangguniang Panlalawigan and by an elected governor.
The provinces are grouped into 17 regions based on geographical, cultural, and ethnological characteristics. Fourteen of these regions are designated with numbers corresponding to their geographic location in order from north to south. The National Capital Region, Cordillera Administrative Region, and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao do not have numerical designations.
Each province is a member of the League of Provinces of the Philippines, an organization which aims to address issues affecting provincial and metropolitan government administrations.[1]
Government -
| A provincial government is autonomous of other provinces within the Republic. Each province is governed by two main elected branches of the government: executive and legislative. Judicial affairs are separated from provincial governance and are administered by the Supreme Court of the Philippines.
Executive - ]The provincial governor is chief executive and head of each province. Elected to a term of three years and limited to three consecutive terms, he or she appoints the directors of each provincial department which include the office of administration, engineering office, information office, legal office, and treasury office.
Legislative - ]Main article: Sangguniang Panlalawigan
The vice-governor acts as the president for each Sangguniáng Panlalawigan ( - SP - ; "Provincial Board"), the province's legislative body. Every SP is composed of regularly elected members from provincial districts, as well as ex officio members. The number of regularly elected SP members allotted to each province is determined by its income class. First- and second-class provinces are provided ten regular SP members; third- and fourth-class provinces have eight, while fifth- and sixth-class provinces have six. Exceptions are provinces with more than five congressional districts, such as Cavite with 14 regularly elected SP members, and Cebu, Negros Occidental and Pangasinan which have twelve each.
Every SP has designated seats for ex officio members, given to the respective local presidents of the Association of Barangay Captains (ABC), Philippine Councilors' League (PCL), and Sangguniáng Kabataan ( - SK - ; "Youth Council").
The vice-governor and regular members of an SP are elected by the voters within the province. Ex officio members are elected by members of their respective organisations. Relation to other levels of government -
| National government - ]National intrusion into the affairs of each provincial government is limited by the Philippine Constitution. The President of the Philippines however coordinates with provincial administrators through the Department of the Interior and Local Government. For purposes of national representation, each province is guaranteed its own congressional district. One congressional representative represents each district in the House of Representatives. Senatorial representation is elected at an at-large basis and not apportioned through territory-based districts.
Cities and municipalities - ]Main article: Cities of the Philippines
Main article: Municipalities of the Philippines
Those classified as either "highly urbanized" or "independent component" cities are independent from the province, as provided for in Section 29 of the Local Government Code of 1991.[2] Although such a city is a self-governing first-level entity, in many cases it is often presented as part of the province in which it is geographically located, or in the case of Zamboanga City, the province it last formed part the congressional representation of.
Local government units classified as "component" cities and municipalities are under the jurisdiction of the provincial government. In order to make sure that all component city or municipal governments act within the scope of their prescribed powers and functions, the Local Government Code mandates the provincial governor to review executive orders issued by mayors, and the Sangguniang Panlalawigan to review legislation by the Sangguniang Panlungsod (City Council) or Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Council), of all component cities and municipalities under the province's jurisdiction.[2]
Barangays - ]The provincial government does not have direct relations with individual barangays. Supervision over a barangay government is the mandate of the mayor and the Sanggunian of the component city or municipality of which the barangay in question is a part.[2] Classification -
| Provinces are classified according to average annual income based on the previous 3 calendar years. Effective July 28, 2008, the thresholds for the income classes for cities are:[3]
Class - Average annual income -
| First - ₱450 million or more
| Second - ₱360 million or more but less than ₱450 million
| Third - ₱270 million or more but less than ₱360 million
| Fourth - ₱180 million or more but less than ₱270 million
| Fifth - ₱90 million or more but less than ₱180 million
| Sixth - below ₱90 million
| A province's income class determines the size of the membership of its Sangguniang Panlalawigan, and also how much it can spend on certain items, or procure through certain means.[2] Map -
|  - Pangasinan
- La Union -
Sur - Norte - - Benguet -
- Ifugao -
Province - - Kalinga -
- Abra -
- Apayao -
Vizcaya - - Quirino -
- Isabela -
- Cagayan -
- Batanes -
- Pampanga -
- Bulacan -
- Bataan -
- Zambales -
- Tarlac -
Ecija - - Aurora -
Manila - - Rizal -
- Laguna -
- Cavite -
- Batangas -
- Quezon -
- Marinduque -
- Romblon -
- Oriental Mindoro - |